What are the Different Types of Individual Differences

by Yuvi - November 14, 2020

Q: – What are the Different Types of Individual Differences?

1. Average Intelligence:

Individuals are seen differing in considerable measure in respect of their general intelligence.
It is not possible to send to schools children with an intelligence quotient of below 50.

Children with intelligence quotients between 50 and 70 can learn only the very simplest tasks.
Even the small schools trouble children whose intelligence quotient varies between 70 and 80.

Children between 75 and 90 I.Q. are considered morons and they have considerable difficulty in progressing along with other children in their learning.

Generally, 40 to 60 per cent of the children in schools have I.Q.s. varying between 95 and 105, being the children with average intelligence who form the basis for the formulation of the syllabus and curriculum as well as the method of teaching.

Children who are either above or below this level of intelligences require special educational methods and conditions. Children with intelligence quotients varying between 115 and 120 are considered brilliant or intelligent.

2. Special Abilities

During the junior high school as well as the college stage, the individual’s differences in respect of special abilities, in addition to the general intelligence, are also important since special professions and specialized fields of vocation all need certain specific abilities. Abilities of this kind are concerned with mental, artistic, personality or motor ability.

3. Differences of Background

In school the differences that the children exhibit is the outcome of their different families and their communities. Attitudes towards education and authority differ in each family, culture and class. Some of these attitudes are favorable while others are unfavorable to education.

Besides these attitudes, the child’s emotional, social, aesthetic and moral development is influenced by his family and the neighborhood.

4. Alacrity in Learning

Difference in the quickness or eagerness in learning is visible not only in children of different ages but also among children in the same age group.

This difference is dependent upon their maturity and educational background.

Differences in the eagerness of learning result in benefits accruing from formal education.

5. Mental Age

Children of differing ages as well as children of the same age show differences in their respective mental ages.
Generally speaking, all students studying in the same class differ according to their mental ages.

It has been observed that in the age of 6, differences in mental age range up to 5 years.

Mental age and education are intimately related. The child’s level of education is determined according to his mental age.

6. Motor Ability

The individual’s movements of the hand and feet and other physical abilities are seen to be very individual, as they do not resemble another’s to any great extent.

Till the individual attains adulthood, his manual dexterity, rate of muscular movement and resistance to fatigue develops continually.

In this manner, the same individual in different ages and different individuals in the same age group manifest considerable differences in manual dexterity.

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