by Yogi P - August 20, 2023

What is the full form of SGPT?

SGPT Full Form is Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase. Often referred to as ALT (alanine aminotransferase), SGPT is an enzyme present in plasma, various body tissues, and predominantly in the liver. The liver contains the highest concentration of SGPT. Elevated levels of SGPT in the blood are indicative of liver disorders, and other contributing factors include diabetes, heart attack, obesity, hepatitis C, among others. Some medications can also lead to increased SGPT levels.

The SGPT blood test is conducted to measure the quantity of GPT (Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase) present in the blood serum.

Benefits of SGPT Test

The SGPT blood test serves several purposes:

1. It helps determine the health and functionality of the liver, identifying any disease or weakness.
2. The SGPT test indicates whether the SGPT level is stable or on the rise.
3. It aids in diagnosing hepatic insufficiency, liver dysfunction, viral hepatitis, jaundice, and alcoholism.
4. The test is recommended when patients exhibit symptoms such as jaundice, dark urine, nausea, vomiting, or pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.

Normal Range of SGPT in the Human Body

The typical SGPT range is approximately 7-56 units per liter of serum. However, the ideal range may vary slightly based on the testing procedures and protocols employed by different laboratories.

Features of SGPT Laboratory Test

Once the SGPT test is performed, most laboratories consider a range of zero to 30 units per liter. The test requires a minimum of 5 ml of blood sample.

Several disorders and illnesses can elevate SGPT levels, including acute viral hepatitis A and B, hepatitis C, celiac disease, diabetes, Epstein Barr virus, heart attack, obesity, dermatomyositis, and gallbladder inflammation.

Managing SGPT Levels

Dietary modifications can help reduce SGPT levels. Incorporating vitamin D into the diet is beneficial, as it helps prevent liver damage and lowers SGPT levels. Regular exercises such as swimming, brisk walking, and jogging contribute to overall health and liver well-being.

Risks Associated with SGPT Test

While the ALT test is generally safe, there are some potential risks, including:

1. Excessive bleeding at the injection site.
2. Formation of a hematoma (blood accumulation under the skin) at the injection site.
3. Infection at the injection site.

It’s important to note that while these risks exist, they are relatively uncommon and can be managed appropriately.